Actual finance blog

Oil dropped below $100 per barrel for the first time since February following a disappointing U.S. jobs report and warnings of a weakening world economy.

Benchmark West Texas Intermediate crude fell as low as $99.90 Friday before edging back to $100.21 per barrel in New York. Crude prices are down 2.3 percent for the day.

Oil prices have been falling since Wednesday as analysts and traders increasingly focus on the economy. The Labor Department said Friday that the economy added just 115,000 jobs in April _ far fewer than the pace of hiring earlier this year. Government data shows that U.S. oil consumption dropped 5.3 percent in the first quarter, and supplies have been growing for the past six weeks and hit a 22-year high in Cushing, Okla., where benchmark crude is delivered.

The European economy also is slowing down as eurozone governments continue to struggle with a mountain of debt.

“We’re fearful that the economy is slowing more than we originally thought,” PFGBest analyst Phil Flynn said.

Oil has crossed the $100 mark 21 times during the past year. It rose as high as $113.93 per barrel last April and fell as low as $75.67 per barrel on Oct. 4.

As demand falls in the West, OPEC has been delivering more oil to world markets in an effort to force prices even lower Online payday loans. And Western nations are planning talks with Iran over its nuclear program, easing fears of a protracted standoff in the Middle East. Concerns about Iran, which is believed to be building a weapon, helped push benchmark oil to its peak near $110 per barrel earlier this year.

The recent drop in oil has helped make retail gasoline cheaper in the U.S. Pump prices have declined by an average of 13 cents per gallon since peaking this year at $3.936 on April 6. The national average hit $3.802 per gallon on Friday, according to auto club AAA, Wright Express and Oil Price Information Service.

OPIS chief oil analyst Tom Kloza said gas prices will head lower for the rest of the year. Kloza expects the national average to drop as low as $3.50 per gallon before the Fourth of July.

In other futures trading, heating oil lost 5.12 cents to $3.0357 per gallon, wholesale gasoline lost 4.55 cents to $3.0045 per gallon, and natural gas lost 4.6 cents to $2.294 per 1,000 cubic feet. Brent crude, which is used to set the price of oil imported into the U.S., lost $1.98 to $114.10 per barrel.

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Shoppers in Latin America, the Asia Pacific and the Middle East powered a 25 percent increase in MasterCard’s profit for the first three months of the year.

The Purchase, N.Y.-based payments processor reported income of $682 million Wednesday, or $5.36 per share, on revenue of $1.8 billion. That exceeded Wall Street’s expectations of $5.29 per share on revenue of $1.73 billion.

Ajay Banga, MasterCard’s chief executive officer, said the amount of purchases the company processed jumped 29 percent, the highest growth rate since the company went public.

MasterCard usage in the U.S. grew 14 percent as people spent more in restaurants and on apparel, hardware and electronics. Ajay Banga, MasterCard’s chief executive officer, told analysts on a conference call that the U.S. economy would have to do better for that growth to continue.

“For this trend to continue for a sustained period of time, we’re going to look for additional improvement in unemployment and a positive turn in housing prices,” Banga said.

In the last couple of years, MasterCard Inc. has focused on expanding its international business by acquiring an international card processing system called DataCash and a global prepaid travel card manager called Access Prepaid Worldwide.

Both of those acquisitions have paid off in the quarter, contributing to 25 percent profit growth, said Banga.

In the Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa, usage of its cards grew 23 percent.

During the first quarter of 2012, MasterCard repurchased 652,500 shares at a cost of approximately $248 million. The company said it is authorized to repurchase another $556 million worth of stock.

MasterCard increased rebates and incentives, a common practice in the industry where processors offer banks and other issuers breaks to persuade them to switch the logos on the cards they offer their customers.

In the quarter costs related to such incentives grew 24 percent, taking a bite out of the company’s revenue. Analysts don’t like to see too much of an increase in these costs because it weakens results.

MasterCard’s stock fell 2 percent to $446 in early trading.

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Treasury 10-year note yields fell for the sixth week in a row, matching the longest streak since June, as slowing growth and concern Europe

Swedish truck maker AB Volvo said Thursday that higher costs contributed to a 2 percent drop in profits in the first quarter even though a buoyant performance in North America helped it record its strongest-ever sales for the period.

The sales performance impressed investors and the company’s share price spiked 5 percent to 94.10 kronor ($13.97) in early market trading on the Stockholm stock exchange.

The Goteborg-headquartered group recorded a net profit of 4.01 billion kronor ($595 million) for the first three months of the year, down slightly from the 4.08 billion kronor earned in the same period a year earlier. Costs, and especially those linked to research and development, dragged the bottom-line figure down compared with last year.

However, revenues jumped 10 percent to 78.84 billion kronor however _ the highest Volvo has ever recorded during a first quarter. They were boosted primarily by sales in the company’s key truck unit in North America. The trend in Europe stayed more or less unchanged from the previous year after a fall in demand in the fourth quarter, it said.

CEO Olof Persson said his company “showed its strength in being a global operation, when setbacks in some of our important markets were offset by positive developments in other markets.”

He also said that Volvo will keep investing in growth markets “by developing new products and further strengthening the sales and service networks.”

Volvo appeared a bit more optimistic about the European outlook as it revealed plans to ramp up production and raised its forecast for the heavy-duty truck market. It now expects an order intake of 230,000 trucks in 2012.

The forecast for North America remained unchanged, while production will be reduced in South America in May and June as the market switches over, and adapts to stricter emission requirements.

“We anticipate the demand will rise again in the second half of the year,” Persson said, noting the full-year forecast for Brazil therefore remains unchanged.

The outlook for Japan was also kept unchanged.

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ST. LOUIS •Two Israeli citizens pleaded guilty Monday and were sentenced for sending more than 9,000 shipments of unapproved prescription drugs worth more than $1.4 million to the U.S., the U.S. Attorney’s office said Tuesday morning.

Benny Carmi, 58, was sentenced Monday afternoon to 10 months in prison, fined $30,000 and agreed to forfeit $50,000 for introducing misbranded prescription drugs into interstate commerce, smuggling prescription drugs into the United States, and selling counterfeit prescription drugs, prosecutors said..

Moshe Dahan, 37, was sentenced to a year of probation, fined $15,000 and agreed to forfeit $15,000 for smuggling prescription drugs.

Carmi and Dahan ran an online prescription drug business that operated under a number of names, including “allpillsrx.com,” “newpharm.net,” “pharmacy-online.com,” “pricepills.com,” and “pharmacy-pal.com,” prosecutors said. They have agreed to forfeit those names.

The websites sold popular drugs including those used to aid weight loss or treat erectile dysfunction, and did not require a prescription, prosecutors said.

But they were also selling drugs that were manufactured in unapproved plants and were not approved for sale in the U.S., prosecutors said, including some that were not of the full potency advertised, according to lab tests of drugs obtained through undercover purchases guaranteed unsecured personal loan.

They also hid the shipments from authorities by labeling them “gifts” and claiming that they had no value.

Dahan, also known as Mark Young, and Carmi sent just over 9,000 shipments of pharmaceuticals to customers, including almost 100 in Missouri.

After investigators traveled to Israel and executed search warrants related to the companies, Carmi and Dahan agreed to waive extradition and appear in U.S. District Court in St. Louis Monday to plead guilty and be sentenced with the help of a Hebrew interpreter.

“Counterfeit pharmaceuticals pose a very serious threat to our public health and safety,” said Gary Hartwig, head of Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Homeland Security Investigations office in Chicago, which worked the case with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Office of Criminal Investigations and Israeli police. “People shouldn’t have to put their health in jeopardy because they bought a prescription drug online that is fake, substandard, tainted or untested,” Hartwig’s prepared statement said.

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Lawmakers on Friday were handed the official score card on President Obama’s proposed budget for 2013.

The Congressional Budget Office concluded that the president’s budget would add less to the country’s debt than if lawmakers simply extend a number of favored policies, such as the Bush-era tax cuts. It would also shrink annual deficits to the point where they no longer are growing faster than the economy.

And yet debt levels at the end of the decade under Obama’s budget would still remain too high for comfort.

The president’s budget would add $6.4 trillion in deficits between 2013 and 2022, the CBO said.

Under the so-called alternative fiscal scenario, where Congress simply extends a number of favored policies, cumulative deficits would reach nearly $11 trillion.

The president’s proposals would bring debt held by the public to 76% of GDP at the end of the period measured, up from 68% last year.

Debt held by the public includes U.S. bonds bought by investors, but excludes money owed to government trust funds, such as Social Security and Medicare.

Independent deficit watchdogs have been urging lawmakers to put in place a debt-reduction plan to lower public debt to at least 60% by the end of the decade.

Obama’s unveil’s $3.8 trillion budget

One reason why Obama’s budget fails to do so is because it doesn’t adequately address entitlement costs, such as Medicare.

The president has publicly advocated striking a "grand bargain" — which would involve entitlement and other spending cuts as well as tax increases — to reduce the country’s long-term debt burden. But fraught negotiations with House Republicans fell apart over the summer.

The CBO analysis shows that the president’s budget would end up stabilizing the debt — meaning the country’s deficits stop growing faster than the economy. The annual deficit in his proposal would fall to 2.5% of GDP by 2017 — well below the 8.1% projected for this year. But they would climb back to 3% by 2022. And barring any more significant debt-reduction plans, deficits thereafter would continue on a northward trek.

Obama: Slash corporate tax rates and breaks

Annual spending levels in Obama’s fiscal blueprint average 22.5% of GDP, above the 20.7% historical average. But his budget would put discretionary spending on a downward trajectory, from 8.4% of GDP this year to 5.2% at the end of the decade.

Under the president’s budget, the government’s revenue intake would climb to an average of 19.4%, above the 18.1% historical norm and well above the 60-year lows reached during the recession.

Part of the reason for the increase is due to a strengthening economy. But partly it’s due to the estimated $950 billion in new revenue he’d raise from a host of proposals, the largest of which is his call to limit the value of itemized deductions for high-income households, which alone is estimated to raise $520 billion over a decade.

At the same time, he puts forth a number of measures that would shrink tax receipts significantly relative to where they would otherwise be. The most costly is his oft-repeated proposal to make permanent the Bush-era tax cuts for the majority of Americans, followed by a proposal to index the Alternative Minimum Tax to inflation, and expanding stimulus measures and creating new tax cuts for families.

While no president’s budget is ever adopted by Congress wholesale or even in large part, this year there isn’t likely to be any real action on anyone’s budget proposal — including one expected next week from House Budget Chairman Paul Ryan — until after the presidential election in November.

That’s when Congress will face a number of fateful fiscal decisions, such as whether to extend the Bush-era tax cuts and whether to replace nearly $1 trillion in automatic spending cuts that nobody wants but which are scheduled to take effect in January 2013. 

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Of all the bank fees that customers love to hate, overdraft charges on checking accounts have to be near the top. The government’s new consumer protection agency appears to agree.

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau said Wednesday that it will investigate overdraft fees, including how they are marketed and explained to customers. The agency said the probe could result in additional rules, perhaps even lawsuits.

Overdraft fees are charged by banks when customers try to spend more money than they have in an account. Banks will allow the transaction, then charge the customer a penalty of as much as $35.

“We’ve heard many stories about the $40 cup of coffee,” the agency’s director, Richard Cordray, told reporters and representatives from banks and consumer groups.

Cordray and representatives from four consumer advocacy groups said that the overdraft fees hurt the people who can least afford them because poorer customers are more likely to drain their checking accounts to close to zero.

Since the 2008 financial crisis, the government has clamped down on bank practices that it considers unfair, such as marketing credit cards to teenagers. Banks have complained some of the government’s moves have been too intrusive.

In 2010, the Federal Reserve barred banks from automatically enrolling customers in so-called overdraft protection programs for debit card or ATM transactions. Without overdraft protection, a transaction is declined if the customer can’t cover it.

The rule did not apply to checks, online bill payments or recurring debits, such as having the monthly cable bill automatically sent to your debit card. It also did not limit how much banks can charge for the service.

Banks have responded by marketing overdraft protection aggressively. Some told customers that opting out of overdraft protection could prevent them from making everyday transactions, including “medical or health emergencies,” according to research published last year by the Center for Responsible Lending, a consumer group that opposes overdraft fees.

Cordray said the problem is not just the fees but that banks often don’t explain them clearly. One bank, which he did not name, required customers to visit three different websites and scroll through 50 pages of dense text just to get an explanation, he said.

Cordray praised banks for finding ways to help customers avoid the fees, such as not charging overdrafts for purchases of less than $5 or giving customers 24 hours to add more money to an account payday loans direct lenders.

Representatives of consumer groups who appeared with Cordray said customers would rather have their cards declined than be charged the fee. A representative of Citigroup, one of the country’s largest banks, said customers prefer to avoid the embarrassment.

Andrew Rowe, a senior vice president from Bank of America, said the bank has started giving customers “clarity statements” to explain fees and sending them text messages when their accounts drop below $25. Last month, Bank of America sent 20 million such texts to 8 million customers, Rowe said.

Bank of America was a leader in trimming overdraft fees beginning in 2009, when Brian Moynihan, now the CEO, was running the bank’s consumer banking unit. At the time, the bank owed $45 billion in government bailout loans. It has since paid the money back.

Banks have also drawn criticism for a practice known as “re-ordering” _ when a bank takes all the purchases a customer makes in a single day and subtracts the biggest ones from the customer’s account first. Banks say it helps customers pay their most important bills first, like mortgages and student loans. Consumer groups say it’s a way to rake in fees.

The practice has been challenged in class-action lawsuits around the country. Bank of America settled one case for $410 million last July. JPMorgan Chase agreed this month to pay $110 million to settle similar claims.

The CFPB, born out of outrage over the financial crisis and the banking practices that led to it, said it would focus on four areas: re-ordering, missing or confusing information, misleading marketing and disproportionate impact on low-income and young customers.

According to a 2008 study by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., 9 percent of checking accounts incur 84 percent of overdraft fees. The study found that nearly half of younger cardholders paid the fees.

The CFPB also is requesting public input on the idea of a “penalty fee box” _ a disclosure on checking account statements that would highlight overdrafts and related fees.

The agency said it plans to issue a report by the end of the year.

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Follow Daniel Wagner at www.twitter.com/wagnerreports.

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Japanese Finance Minister Jun Azumi said his nation

China

Battered by the strong yen and supply disruptions from Thailand’s floods, Honda said Tuesday that its net earnings in the October-December quarter tumbled 41 percent to 47.6 billion yen ($625 million) and projected a sharply lower full-year profit.

The Japanese automobile and motorcycle maker forecast it would earn 215 billion yen for the fiscal year through March, down nearly 60 percent from the 534 billion yen it earned the previous fiscal year.

Honda had scrapped its earnings forecast in October, when it reported its previous quarterly results, because the flooding in Thailand _ a key Asian production hub for Honda and many Japanese companies _ made the outlook too uncertain.

Honda stopped making cars at its automobile assembly plant in Ayutthaya, north of Bangkok, in October after it was damaged in the worst floods to hit Thailand in 50 years. The company said in a statement that it was making progress on draining the plant of flood water and cleaning up equipment, and that production was expected to resume by the end of March.

The flooding also disrupted the output at many Honda suppliers in Thailand, forcing it to reduce production as far away as the U.S. and Canada. Honda said production in neighboring Asian countries interrupted by the problems in Thailand was expected to return to normal by April.

All told, the problems related to flooding in Thailand have cost the company 260,000 vehicles in lost production worldwide, according to Tomohiro Okada, a company spokesman.

Quarterly sales slid 8 percent during the fiscal third quarter to 1.942 trillion yen.

The strong yen, which erodes Japanese exporters’ foreign earned income when repatriated, also ate into the company’s income. Declines due to unfavorable exchange rates accounted for 33.6 billion yen, or nearly half, of the 73.1 billion yen drop in net income before taxes reported the same quarter a year ago, Okada said.

A bright spot for the company was its motorcycle business, amid strong demand in emerging markets. Motorcycle sales rose 6.3 percent during the quarter to nearly 3.1 million units.

(This version CORRECTS Corrects impact from currencies in paragraph 8, adds lost production of vehicles from Thai flooding in paragraph 6, adds details about growth in motorcycle business)

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